The capture of both sexes were independent of bait age for the three periods we tested, but the periods varied in length and we do not know when in each period the bed bugs went into the traps. The effect of exposure time was tested for fresh scent by releasing bed bugs at the start and retrieving them after 48hrs. At the end of the 48 hour period there were statistically significantly more bed bugs in the pherotrap compared to the 24 hour period (p=0.05). In conclusion we have a highly potent scent mixture that attracts both female and male bed bugs irrespective of bait age, at least for up to the 144 hours tested in our experiment.
Our mixture is more attractive to female than to male bed bugs, which is a bonus because detection of female bed bugs, especially pregnant ones, at an early state may prevent establishment of new infestations.
Bed bugs spend most time between blood meals in harborages, aggregations consisting of a relative constant number of adult bed bugs and nymphs. We predicted bed bugs to use volatiles to locate their harborages and expected that we could use the volatiles to lure bed bugs into a trapping device. To pursuit this idea we.
1). initiated a study of emissions from bed bug aggregations and identified a number of volatiles that we
2) tested in arena tests in the lab. We then
3) tested the most promising mixture in traps in mesocosm under circumstances that approached natural conditions.
In the lab, head-space and enfleurage samples were collected from vials containing equal numbers of nymphs, female and male bed bugs that had aggregated into harborages on filter paper. Samples were eluted with hexane, added an internal standard and analyzed by GC-MS and most compounds were identified with authentic standards. We tested a number of compounds and combination of these in test arenas resulting in a highly attractive blend composed of five compounds that was statistically significantly more attractive to both female and male bed bugs than control blends.